Gross Margin Calculator
The Gross Margin Calculator computes the gross margin ratio from revenue and cost of goods sold (COGS). See your gross profit, gross margin percentage, and markup ratio instantly — essential for pricing decisions, profitability analysis, and financial reporting.
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What is Gross Margin?
Gross margin is the ratio of gross profit to revenue, expressed as a percentage. Gross profit equals revenue minus cost of goods sold (COGS). A gross margin of 40% means that for every $1 in sales, the company retains $0.40 after covering direct production costs.
Gross margin varies significantly by industry: software companies often exceed 80%, retail averages 25-50%, and grocery stores typically see 20-30%. Tracking gross margin helps businesses set prices, control costs, and benchmark against competitors.
Formula & Persamaan Yang Digunakan
Gross Margin Calculator ini menggunakan 5 persamaan utama:
1 Gross Margin Percentage ▼
Revenue of $500,000 with COGS of $300,000: Gross Margin = ($200,000 / $500,000) × 100 = 40%.
2 Gross Profit ▼
Revenue $500,000 - COGS $300,000 = Gross Profit $200,000.
3 Markup Percentage ▼
With $200K profit on $300K COGS: Markup = ($200K / $300K) × 100 = 66.7%. Note: markup and margin are different calculations.
Cara Menggunakan Kalkulator Ini
Untuk menggunakan Kalkulator Nisbah ini, ikuti 3 langkah berikut:
Masukkan Nilai
Taip nilai nisbah yang diketahui ke dalam ruang input. Biarkan satu ruang kosong — itu ialah nilai tidak diketahui yang diselesaikan oleh Kalkulator Nisbah.
Pilih Mod
Pilih mod nisbah — Selesaikan, Permudahkan, atau Skalakan. Setiap mod menggunakan persamaan berbeza untuk nilai input anda.
Dapatkan Hasil
Klik Kira. Skrin hasil memaparkan jawapan dengan bar nisbah visual, carta pai, dan pecahan jalan pengiraan langkah-demi-langkah.
Contoh Masalah & Penyelesaian Langkah-demi-Langkah
Berikut ialah 3 contoh masalah dengan penyelesaian langkah-demi-langkah menggunakan Kalkulator Nisbah ini:
Input 1 Revenue $250,000 and COGS $150,000
Input 2 Product costs $12 to make, sells for $30
Input 3 Target 35% margin, COGS is $65
Soalan Lazim
What is the difference between gross margin and net margin? ▼
Gross margin only subtracts COGS from revenue. Net margin subtracts ALL expenses (COGS, operating costs, taxes, interest). Gross margin is always higher than net margin because it excludes overhead costs.
What is a good gross margin percentage? ▼
A 'good' gross margin depends on industry. Software/SaaS: 70-90%. Retail: 25-50%. Manufacturing: 25-40%. Food service: 55-65%. Compare against industry benchmarks rather than an absolute number.
How is gross margin different from markup? ▼
Gross margin divides profit by revenue (selling price). Markup divides profit by cost. A 50% margin equals a 100% markup. A 33.3% margin equals a 50% markup. They describe the same profit from different perspectives.
How do I improve gross margin? ▼
Increase prices, negotiate lower supplier costs, reduce waste in production, switch to higher-margin products, or improve manufacturing efficiency. Even small margin improvements compound across volume.
Can gross margin be negative? ▼
Yes. Negative gross margin means the company sells products for less than they cost to make (COGS exceeds revenue). This is unsustainable long-term but may occur during market entry, liquidation, or loss-leader strategies.